Table 5 Differences in breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding mothers with axSpA twelve months after birth
From: Axial spondyloarthritis and breastfeeding: a prospective study
n | Breastfeeding N = 104 | n | Non-breastfeeding N = 169 | p-value | test value† | df | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age mean (SD) | 104 | 33.1 (4.5) | 169 | 32.0 (4.4) | 0.05 | 1.97 | 271 |
Age ≥ 35 years (%) | 40 (38.5) | 44 (26.0) | 0.03 | 4.67 | 1 | ||
Missing | 0 | ||||||
BMI, mean (SD) | 96 | 25.0 (4.9) | 157 | 25.7 (5.6) | 0.3 | −1.03 | 251 |
Underweight (< 18.5) (%) | 3 (3.1) | 4 (2.5) | 1.0 | ||||
Normal weight (18.5–24.9) (%) | 56 (58.3) | 85 (54.1) | 0.5 | 0.43 | 1 | ||
Overweight (≥ 25.0) (%) | 37 (38.5) | 68 (43.3) | 0.5 | 0.56 | 1 | ||
Obesity (≥ 30.0) (%) | 12 (12.5) | 32 (20.4) | 0.1 | 2.58 | 1 | ||
Missing | 20 | ||||||
Tobacco a (%) | 96 | 2 (2.1) | 156 | 22 (14.1) | 0.002 | 9.97 | 1 |
Missing | 21 | ||||||
Educational level b | 100 | 166 | |||||
Low (%) | 3 (3.0) | 3 (1.8) | 0.68 | ||||
Intermediate (%) | 16 (16.0) | 64 (38.6) | < 0.001 | 15.10 | 1 | ||
High (%) | 81 (81.0) | 99 (59.6) | < 0.001 | 13.02 | 1 | ||
Missing | 7 | ||||||
Working fulltime or part-time (%) | 104 | 59 (56.7) | 169 | 89 (52.7) | 0.5 | 0.43 | 1 |
Missing | 0 | ||||||
Exercising regularly c (%) | 88 | 58 (65.9) | 139 | 95 (68.3) | 0.7 | 0.15 | 1 |
Missing | 46 | ||||||
CRP mg/L mean (SD) | 88 | 4.7 (9.0) | 146 | 4.2 (5.9) | 0.5 | 0.60 | 232 |
Missing | 39 | ||||||
BASDAI mean (SD) | 89 | 3.0 (2.3) | 143 | 3.6 (2.6) | 0.08 | −1.78 | 230 |
BASDAI ≥ 4 (%) | 27 (30.3) | 62 (43.4) | 0.05 | 3.93 | 1 | ||
Missing | 41 | ||||||
ASDAS-CRP mean (SD) | 65 | 2.1 (0.9) | 111 | 2.4 (1.0) | 0.06 | −1.92 | 174 b |
ASDAS-CRP ≥ 1.3 (%) | 50 (78.1) | 92 (82.9) | 0.4 | 0.60 | 1 | ||
Missing | 98 | ||||||
VAS scores (0–100) mean (SD) | |||||||
Pain | 90 | 29.2 (23.4) | 145 | 35.9 (28.8) | 0.2 | −1.37 | |
Missing | 38 | ||||||
Fatigue | 89 | 38.0 (31.3) | 142 | 45.4 (33.5) | 0.1 | −1.66 | |
Missing | 42 | ||||||
Total | 86 | 36.3 (25.9) | 142 | 40.2 (29.5) | 0.4 | −0.80 | |
Missing | 45 | ||||||
csDMARDs (%) | 104 | 8 (7.7) | 169 | 17 (10.1) | 0.5 | 0.43 | 1 |
Sulfasalazine | 8 (7.7) | 13 (7.7) | 1.0 | 0.00 | 1 | ||
Methotrexate | 0 (0.0) | 5 (3.0) | 0.2 | ||||
Missing | 0 | ||||||
TNF-inhibitors (%) | 104 | 64 (61.5) | 169 | 89 (52.7) | 0.2 | 2.06 | 1 |
Missing | 0 | ||||||
Secukinumab (%) | 104 | 1 (1.0) | 169 | 4 (2.4) | 0.7 | ||
Missing | 0 | ||||||