Table 4 Differences in breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding mothers with axSpA six months after birth

Age, mean (SD)

221

31.9 (4.2)

95

31.6 (3.9)

0.5

0.70

314

 Age ≥ 35 years (%)

63 (28.5)

19 (20.0)

0.1

2.50

1

 Missing

0

BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD)

204

25.1 (5,0)

89

27.4 (5.1)

 < 0.001

−3.75

291

 Underweight (< 18.5) (%)

5 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

0.3

 Normal weight (18.5–24.9) (%)

108 (52.9)

33 (37.1)

0.01

6.25

1

 Overweight (≥ 25.0) (%)

91 (44.6)

56 (62.9)

0.004

8.31

1

 Obesity (≥ 30.0) (%)

28 (13.7)

30 (33.7)

 < 0.001

15.58

1

 Missing

9

Tobacco ^a (%)

198

9 (4.5)

85

16 (18.8)

 < 0.001

15.05

1

 Missing

33

Educational level ^b

216

92

 Low (%)

2 (0.9)

2 (2.2)

0.59

 Intermediate (%)

45 (20.8)

39 (42.4)

 < 0.001

15.11

1

 High (%)

169 (78.2)

51 (55.4)

 < 0.001

16.44

1

 Missing

8

Working fulltime or part-time (%)

221

15 (6.8)

95

7 (7.4)

0.9

0.04

1

 Missing

0

Exercising regularly ^c (%)

170

113 (66.5)

77

39 (50.6)

0.02

5.61

1

 Missing

69

CRP mean (SD)

190

3.3 (4.3)

83

5.3 (8.6)

0.01

−2.51

271

 Missing

43

BASDAI mean (SD)

194

3.2 (2.3) 

79

4.1 (2.6) 

0.01

−2.731

271

 BASDAI ≥ 4 (%)

73 (37.6)

40 (50.6)

0.05

3.91

1

 Missing

43

ASDAS-CRP mean (SD)

145

2.1 (0.9)

64

2.6 (1.1)

 < 0.001

−3.43

207

 ASDAS-CRP ≥ 1.3 (%)

112 (77.2)

54 (84.4)

0.2

1.38

1

 Missing

107

VAS scores (0–100), mean (SD)

 Pain 

188

31.0 (26.3)

83

43.9 (28.9)

 < 0.001

−3.31

 Missing

45

 Fatigue 

182

37.8 (31.7)

80

46.8 (31.8)

0.03

−2.19

 Missing

54

 Total

188

32.3 (25.7)

82

45.8 (28.6)

 < 0.001

−3.54

 Missing

46

csDMARDs (%)

221

22 (10.0)

95

11 (11.6)

0.7

0.19

1

 Sulfasalazine

21 (9.5)

7 (7.4)

0.5

0.38

1

 Methotrexate

1 (0.5)

4 (4.2)

0.03

 Missing

0

TNF-inhibitors (%)

221

118 (53.4)

95

47 (49.5)

0.5

0.41

1

 Missing

0

Secukinumab (%)

221

1 (0.5)

95

4 (4.2)

0.03

 Missing

0