Table 3 Distribution of breastfeeding outcomes and covariates, overall and by marital status, during the COVID-19-era 2020–2021
|  | Overall (weighted n = 13808) | Married (weighted n = 28991) | Not married (weighted n = 12442 ) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
BF initiation |  |  |  | p = .36 |
Yes | 98.8 (13,649) | 98.5 (9697) | 98.3 (3952) | Â |
No | 1.2 (159) | 1.5 (90) | 1.7 (69) | Â |
2 Month BF |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 79.6 (10,986) | 86.1 (8,348) | 64.2 (2,638) | Â |
No | 20.4 (2,822) | 13.9 (1,349) | 35.8 (1,473) | Â |
4 month BF |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 69.6 (9,616) | 78 (7,562) | 50 (2,054) | Â |
No | 30.4 (4,192) | 22 (2,135) | 50 (5,057) | Â |
6 month BF |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 65.7 (9,074) | 74.2 (7,196) | 45.7 (1,878) | Â |
No | 34.3 (4,735) | 25.8 (2,502) | 54.3 (2,233) | Â |
Income |  |  |  | p < .001 |
> US$48,000 | 70 (9,667) | 83 (8,046) | 39.4 (1,621) | Â |
≤US$48,000 | 30 (4,142) | 17 (1,652) | 60.6 (2,490) |  |
Education |  |  |  | p < .001 |
< High school | 26.7 (3,688) | 17 (1,649) | 49.6 (2,040) | Â |
> High school | 73.3 (10,120) | 83 (8,049) | 50.4 (2,072) | Â |
Race |  |  |  | p < .001 |
American Indian | 5.2 (721) | 2 (201) | 12.6 (519) | Â |
Other | 13.4 (1,848) | 11.8 (1,141) | 17.2 (707) | Â |
White | 81.4 (11,240) | 86.2 (8,355) | 70.2 (2,885) | Â |
Age |  |  |  | p < .001 |
< 20 years | 3.1 (423) | 0.4 (38) | 9.4 (385) |  |
20–35 | 82.1 (11,343) | 82.4 (7,992) | 81.5 (3,351) |  |
35+ | 14.8 (2,043) | 17.2 (1,668) | 9.1 (375) | Â |
Insurance |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 94.7 (13,077) | 97 (9,406) | 89.3 (3,672) | Â |
No | 5.3 (731) | 3 (292) | 10.7 (439) | Â |
Chronic disease |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 25 (3,453) | 20.3 (1,966) | 36 (1,486) | Â |
No | 75 (10,356) | 79.7 (7,731) | 64 (2,625) | Â |
Pregnancy intention |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Wanted now | 96.7 (13,353) | 98.5 (9,555) | 92.4 (3,798) | Â |
Did not want now | 3.3 (456) | 1.5 (143) | 7.6 (313) | Â |
Body Mass Index |  |  |  | p = .32 |
≥35 | 62.6 (8,644) | 61.3 (5,943) | 65.7 (2,701) |  |
<35 | 37.4 (5,164) | 38.7 (3,754) | 34.3 (1,410) | Â |
Substance use prior to pregnancy |  |  |  | p = .33 |
Yes | 75.6 (10,435) | 74.5 (7,226) | 78.1 (3,210) | Â |
No | 24.4 (3,373) | 25.5 (2,472) | 21.9 (901) | Â |
≥ 2 ACEs |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 20.7 (2,852) | 13.6 (1,319) | 37.3 (1,533) | Â |
No | 79.3 (10,957) | 86.4 (8,379) | 62.7 (2,578) | Â |
WIC |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Yes | 84.3 (11,641) | 92.2 (8,945) | 65.6 (2,695) | Â |
No | 15.7 (2,168) | 7.8 (752) | 34.4 (1,416) | Â |
Infant sleep own bed |  |  |  | p < .001 |
Always | 57.3 (7,913) | 62.7 (6,084) | 44.5 (1,829) | Â |
Almost always | 19.3 (2,664) | 18 (1,743) | 22.4 (921) | Â |
Sometimes | 11 (1,514) | 10.3 (1,002) | 12.4 (511) | Â |
Rarely | 4.3 (598) | 3.3 (316) | 6.9 (283) | Â |
Never | 8.1 (1,120) | 5.7 (552) | 13.8 (567) | Â |