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Table 4 Associations between breastfeeding with duration ≤ 6 months and childhood obesity in sub-population stratified by age

From: Beneficial effects of short-term breastfeeding versus non-breastfeeding in early life against childhood obesity: findings from the US-based population study NHANES

Breastfed

2 years old

3–4 years old

5–6 years old

Never

Reference

Reference

Reference

Ever

1.06 (0.59, 1.88)

0.72 (0.49, 1.05)

1.09 (0.76, 1.56)

≤ 3 months

0.98 (0.51, 1.87)

0.81 (0.54, 1.21)

1.12 (0.74, 1.69)

> 3 ~ 6 months

1.24 (0.67, 2.29)

0.56 (0.35, 0.89)

1.06 (0.68, 1.67)

P-trend

0.550

0.020

0.710

  1. There were two regression models in the table; the variable of breastfeeding was classified into “Never” and “Ever”, which means never breastfed and ever breastfed, with the former as reference in one model; and in the other model, the variable of breastfeeding was classified into never breastfed, breastfed for ≤ 3 months and breastfed for > 3 ~ 6 months, with the category of being never breastfed as a reference
  2. The regression model was adjusted for gender, race, ratio of family income to poverty, mother’s smoking history when pregnant, maternal age when born, and birth weight
  3. Data are presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals